Treating Flu

Antiviral Medicines

Antiviral medicines include zanamivir (Relenza) and oseltamivir (Tamiflu). Children may be at an increased risk of self-injury and confusion shortly after taking oseltamivir, and should be closely monitored for signs of unusual behavior.

The FDA repeated its warning of possible adverse effects in patients, especially children, taking oseltamivir. In some cases, these effects (eg, hallucinations, delirium, abnormal behavior) resulted in injury and death. * ⁵

These medications do not cure the flu, but they may help relieve symptoms and decrease the duration of the illness. But, they must be taken within 48 hours of the first symptoms.

Bed Rest

It is important to get plenty of rest when your body is fighting the flu.

Fluids

Drink a lot of liquids, such as water, juice, and noncaffeinated tea.

Over-the-Counter Pain Relievers

These medications are used to control fever and treat aches and pains. Adults can use acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or aspirin.

Note: Aspirin is not recommended for children or teens with a current or recent viral infection. Check with your doctor before giving a child or teen aspirin.

Decongestants

Decongestants are available as pills or nasal sprays. If you use a nasal spray, don't use it longer than 3-5 days, or you may experience an increase in congestion, called "rebound," when you stop using the spray.

Saline Nasal Sprays

In a study, researchers concluded that the nasal wash may reduce symptoms, medication use (eg, antipyretics, nasal decongestants, antibiotics), and school absence. * ⁴

Cough Medicines

These include:

• Over-the-counter (OTC) cough and cold medicines, including decongestants, expectorants, antihistamines, antitussives (cough suppressants)
  • The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends that OTC cough and cold products should not be used to treat infants or children less than two years old. Rare but serious side effects have been reported, including death, convulsions, rapid heart rates, and decreased levels of consciousness. The FDA is still reviewing data about the safety of these products in children aged 2-11 years, since serious side effects have also been reported in this age group. * ³
• Prescription cough medicines
• Cough drops